UDK 141.336:821.222.1
U ovom radu nastojalo se istražiti do koje mjere je sufijski pokret insipiriran i usmjeravan različitim kontekstima, prije svega društvenim i kulturnim, te na koji način su sufi jski protagonisti izražavali svoj stav o društvu, kretanjima u društvu, problemima i društvenim devijacijama. Također, željelo se istražiti koliko je specifi čan sufi jski oblik društvenog utjecaja, manifestiran kroz verbalni bunt i neverbalni interiorizirani protest, posebnim oblačenjem, specifi čnim načinom života i ponašanja, imao efekata i uspjeha kroz povijest. Pokazalo se da je sufi zam iniciran društvenim problemima i iskvarenošću te da je kroz povijest razvijao vrlo sofi sticirane metode, načine, instrumente, sredstva i tehnike borbe protiv toga. To je, istovremeno, razlog zbog koje su sufi je razvile izuzetno kreativan, inventivan i umjetnički sofi sticiran jezik, govor i književnost. U radu je pokazano da specifi čna sufijska odjeća, neobičan način interakcije, razrađena pravila ponašanja, življenja i djelovanja u društvu u znatnoj mjeri predstavljaju interiorizaciju i utjelovljenje ovog buntovnog stava te stoga i efi kasniji i uspješni način utjecanja na društvene promjene. Hafiz Širazi živio je u doba kada je društveni kontekst, zbog mongolske, timuridske i drugih tiranijskih strahovlada i apsolutizama, bio jedan od najmračnijih i najapokaliptičnijih u cijeloj povijesti muslimanskih naroda. On je naslijedio sufijske tehnike, metode i instrumente izražavanja ovog bunta, interioriziranjem i eksterioriziranjem, verbaliziranjem i neverbaliziranjem ali umjetnički prenaglašeno, karikaturalno, inverzijom pojmova i gotovo nadrealistički. S obzirom na društveni, historijski, ideološki i kulturni kontekst, Hafiz Širazi razvio je jedan od najsofi sticiranijih i najefi kasnijih instrumentarija društvenog i umjetničkog izražavanja bunta, kritike i preskribiranja rješenja.
Ključne riječi: Hafiz Širazi, Niče, sufizam, melametizam
Abstract
Sufism as a Rebelion Against Social Depravity Reflected in Hafiz Shirazi
Sedad Dizdarević
The paper attempts to investigate to which degree was the Sufi movement inspired and directed by different contexts, primarily social and cultural contexts, as well as the manner in which Sufi protagonists have expressed their attitude towards the society, social movements, issues and deviations. In addition, the author investigates whether the specific Sufi aspect of social influence, which was manifested through a verbal rebellion and a non-verbal interiorised protest, with a particular attire, a specific way of life and behaviour, had effects and were successful though history. It is shown that Sufism was initiated by social issues and depravity and that, through history, it developed very sophisticated methods, manners, instruments, devices and techniques of fighting against them. At the same time, this was the reason why Sufis have developed exceedingly creative, inventive and artistically sophisticated language, speech and literature. It is demonstrated that specific Sufi attire, their unusual interaction, well thought-out rules of behaviour, living and acting in the society significantly represent interiorisation and embodiment of their rebellious attitude, whereby their influence on social changes was more efficient and successful. Hafiz Shirazi lived in the period in which the social context was one of the darkest and most apocalyptic in the entire history of the Muslim peoples, due to Mongolian, Timurid and other tyranny rules and absolutisms. He inherited Sufi techniques, methods and instruments of expressing his rebellion by interiorising
and exteriorising, verbalising and non-verbalising, but also by using artistic overemphasis, caricatures, inversion of terms, and in an almost surrealistic manner. Given the social, historical, ideological and cultural context, Hafiz Shirazi developed one of the most sophisticated and efficient instruments of expressing social and artistic rebellion, criticism and prescribing solutions.
Keywords: Hafiz Shirazi, Nietzsche, Sufism, melametism
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